{"id":11120,"date":"2019-05-22T17:13:23","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T14:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=11120"},"modified":"2019-05-22T17:13:23","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T14:13:23","slug":"milli-mucadele-100-yasinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2019\/05\/22\/milli-mucadele-100-yasinda\/","title":{"rendered":"Milli M\u00fccadele 100 Ya\u015f\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Celil Kur\u015fun<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto\u011fraf: Hamza Aktay<\/strong><\/p>\n

Milli M\u00fccadele’nin 100. y\u0131l\u0131 vesilesiyle \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’nde d\u00fczenlenen panelde m\u00fccadelenin 100. y\u0131l\u0131 kutlan\u0131rken Atat\u00fcrk ve silah arkada\u015flar\u0131 minnetle an\u0131ld\u0131. Panelde Milli M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131 ve o s\u00fcre\u00e7teki \u00fclkenin durumu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

100 Y\u0131l \u00d6nceki A\u015fkla<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00dc Rekt\u00f6rl\u00fck Binas\u0131 Doktora Salonu’nda d\u00fczenlenen 100. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Milli M\u00fccadele panelinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130\u00dc Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Mahmut Ak yapt\u0131. Konu\u015fmas\u0131nda 100. y\u0131llar\u0131n milletler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu belirterek T\u00fcrk milletinin Milli M\u00fccadele’yi 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki a\u015fkla ve kararl\u0131l\u0131kla kutlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti. T\u00fcrklerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na olan d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne tarihsel \u00f6rneklerle dikkat \u00e7ekerek Orta Asya’dan Anadolu’ya g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6neminden bahseden Prof. Dr. Ak, Malazgirt ve Miryokefalon Muharebeleri’yle T\u00fcrklerin Anadolu’ya tutundu\u011funu; buralara han, hamam, medrese, t\u00fcrbe gibi eserlerle m\u00fch\u00fcrlendi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Evrensel Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcde \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6rnek Oldu<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu bakiyesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen gayrim\u00fcslim gruplara da imparatorluk devrindeki gibi ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve bu ad\u0131mlardan en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi’nin att\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Prof. Dr. Ak, \u00fcniversite b\u00fcnyesinde 145 \u00fclkeden 7 bin k\u00fcsur yabanc\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fgallerin Ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve Cemiyetler<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra panelin moderat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapan Atat\u00fcrk \u0130lke ve \u0130nk\u0131laplar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Mustafa Budak, paneli ba\u015flatt\u0131. \u0130lk konu\u015fmac\u0131 Prof. Dr. Burak G\u00fclboy, Osmanl\u0131’dan Cumhuriyet’e de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcrecinde Milli M\u00fccadele’nin yeri konusunda s\u00f6z ald\u0131. Prof. Dr. G\u00fclboy: “\u0130lk olarak 1918 Mondros M\u00fctarekesi’nin 7. maddesine istinatl\u0131 i\u015fgaller ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 ilk ba\u015fta cemiyetler kurarak i\u015fgale kar\u015f\u0131 te\u015fkilatlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu cemiyetler yerel m\u00fcdafay\u0131 savunuyordu ve \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kapsam\u0131yordu.19 May\u0131s’ta 9. Ordu K\u0131t’at’\u0131 M\u00fcfetti\u015fi vazifesiyle Samsun’a \u00e7\u0131kan\u00a0 Mustafa Kemal, Sultan Vahideddin ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkilere sahipti. Subaylara emir verecek ve bir\u00e7ok \u015fehrin asayi\u015fini sa\u011flayacak salahiyetlere muktedir olmu\u015ftu.” dedi.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal’in Liderlik Vasf\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6n Plana \u00c7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. G\u00fclboy: “Yerel m\u00fcdafa yerine \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayacak bir kurtulu\u015f hareketi i\u00e7in Mustafa Kemal’in liderlik ve te\u015fkilatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k vasf\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. M\u00fccadele y\u0131llar\u0131nda me\u015fru iktidar aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakimdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Mustafa Kemal ve Temsil Heyeti d\u00fcnyaya Milli M\u00fccadele’nin hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurmak ve yurtta d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir otorite sa\u011flamak istiyordu. Daha sonra kurulan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, Almanya ve \u0130talya’dan sonra 3. ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ulus devlet \u00f6rne\u011fini te\u015fkil etti.” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Moderat\u00f6r Prof. Dr. Mustafa Budak me\u015fruiyet konusunda, o y\u0131llarda kurulan ve bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Kars \u0130slam \u015euras\u0131’ndan bahsederek, \u015furan\u0131n 6 ay \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sonra kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Sivas Kongresi’nden \u00f6nce 13 ve toplamda 28 kadar kongre topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6zlerine ekledi.<\/p>\n

Meclis ve Hakimiyet-i Milliye<\/strong><\/p>\n

Panelin devam\u0131nda Prof. Dr. Nam\u0131k Sinan Turan, Osmanl\u0131’dan Cumhuriyet’e ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde temsil ve me\u015fruiyetin kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak Milli M\u00fccadeleye bak\u0131\u015f konulu konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, 1919 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fclke tablosuna ra\u011fmen imparatorlu\u011fun son y\u0131llardaki tecr\u00fcbeli kurmay subay ve memur yeti\u015ftirmesi sayesinde \u00fclkenin Rusya ve Avusturya-Macaristan’dan daha kabiliyetli kurmaylara sahip oldu\u011funu belirterek Milli M\u00fccadele’deki avantaj\u0131ndan bahsetti. Milli M\u00fccadele’de sadece i\u015fgalcilerle de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve isyanc\u0131larla da m\u00fccadele etti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. Me\u015fruiyet konusunda ilk meclisten bahsederek her s\u0131n\u0131f insan\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, hakimiyet-i milliye esas\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve en demokratik meclis oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Turan, sadece Yunanistan’la de\u011fil ayr\u0131ca emperyalizm ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilikle de sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, meclisin diplomasi ve bas\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya duyurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Milli M\u00fccadele’de T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Panelin 3. konu\u015fmac\u0131s\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zg\u00fcn Erler Bay\u0131r, Milli M\u00fccadele D\u00f6nemi’nde T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131. Meclisin, sava\u015f\u0131 ve diplomasiyi birlikte ve destekleyici olarak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; \u0130ngiltere ve SSCB’ye denge politikas\u0131yla yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130talya, Fransa, SSCB ile ili\u015fkiler kurarak Yunanistan’\u0131 yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti. \u0130ngiltere’ye kar\u015f\u0131 SSCB ile kurulan ittifak\u0131n neden ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan bahsederek s\u00f6zlerini tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Kad\u0131n\u0131 Milli M\u00fccadele’nin Her Safhas\u0131ndayd\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son konu\u015fmac\u0131 olarak Dr. \u00d6\u011fr. \u00dcyesi Hayr\u00fcnisa Alp, Milli M\u00fccadele s\u00fcrecinde kad\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fcn 3 a\u015famada izlendi\u011fini anlatt\u0131. “Mondros M\u00fctarekesi’nden sonra ilk ba\u015fta protesto ve mitinglere kat\u0131lan T\u00fcrk kad\u0131n\u0131 daha sonra i\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 cemiyetler kurmu\u015ftur. Sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda ise hem orduya malzeme ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f hem silah\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131p sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.” dedi. \u0130\u015fgallere kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen 7 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130stanbul mitinginde ve binlerce protestoda \u00f6nemli edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zdan Halide Edip Ad\u0131var’\u0131n da kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve konu\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Dr. \u00d6\u011fr. \u00dcyesi Alp, Sivas’ta kurulan ve bir\u00e7ok ilde \u015fube a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olan Anadolu Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 M\u00fcdafay\u0131 Vatan Cemiyeti’nin mevcudiyeti ve bilin\u00e7lendirme faaliyetlerini anlatt\u0131. “Kuvay\u0131 Milliye ile silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelelere kat\u0131lan Halime \u00c7avu\u015f, Kara Fatma, Tayyar Halime gibi ve fakirlikle, sava\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131yla, evlatlar\u0131yla \u00e7ok me\u015fakkatli s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden ge\u00e7en kad\u0131n kahramanlar\u0131m\u0131za ne kadar te\u015fekk\u00fcr etsek azd\u0131r.” diyerek s\u00f6zlerini tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Panel, Prof. Dr. Ak’\u0131n konu\u015fmac\u0131lara te\u015fekk\u00fcr belgesi takdimiyle sona erdi.<\/p>\n