{"id":14636,"date":"2021-02-13T08:13:52","date_gmt":"2021-02-13T05:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=14636"},"modified":"2021-02-13T08:13:54","modified_gmt":"2021-02-13T05:13:54","slug":"13-subat-dunya-radyo-gunu-kutlaniyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2021\/02\/13\/13-subat-dunya-radyo-gunu-kutlaniyor\/","title":{"rendered":"13 \u015eubat D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc Kutlan\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Haber: Aleyna Berfe KURT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun %95\u2019ine ula\u015fabilme yetisiyle en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan kitle ileti\u015fim arac\u0131 olan radyo d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc yerini her zaman korudu. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler E\u011fitim, Bilim ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Organizasyonu (UNESCO) 25 Ekim-10 Kas\u0131m 2011 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 36. Genel Konferans\u0131\u2019nda Bilgi ve \u0130leti\u015fim Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen bir \u00f6neriyle 13 \u015eubat\u2019\u0131 D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc ilan etti. Kararda, D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131yla kutlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal, b\u00f6lgesel veya uluslararas\u0131 radyo birlik \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve di\u011fer medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinliklerinde bu g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 istendi. Bu kapsamda her y\u0131l 13 \u015eubat D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc farkl\u0131 temalarla kutlan\u0131yor. UNESCO bu y\u0131l\u0131n temalar\u0131n\u0131 Evrim, Yenilik ve Ba\u011flant\u0131 olarak belirledi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Radyo Devri Ba\u015fl\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de radyo yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcnyadaki ilk radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan bir ka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra 1927\u2019de bir \u015firket kurulmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lk radyo yay\u0131n\u0131 Telsiz Telefon T\u00fcrk A.\u015e. taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul ve Ankara\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Bu radyo yay\u0131n\u0131,\u0130stanbul\u00b4da B\u00fcy\u00fck Postane\u2019de bir odadan postane kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulan bir verici ile halka m\u00fczik dinletilerek yap\u0131ld\u0131.Ankara\u00b4da ise Ankara Palas\u00b4\u0131n bodrum kat\u0131ndaki odadan,bir Frans\u0131z \u015firketine ait5 kW g\u00fcc\u00fcndeiki adet verici ile yap\u0131ld\u0131. Yay\u0131nlarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Frans\u0131zca olarak tekrarlanan anons kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul Radyosu\u2019nda ilk anons E\u015fref \u015eefik Atabey taraf\u0131ndan \u015fu c\u00fcmlelerle yap\u0131ld\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAlo alo, Muhterem Samiin\u2026 Buras\u0131 \u0130stanbul Telsiz Telefonu\u20261200 metre tul-u mev\u00e7, 250 kilosikl\u2026 Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc tecr\u00fcbe ne\u015friyat\u0131m\u0131za ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kararname ile radyo yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 PTT\u2019ye devredilerek, kamusalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Devlet taraf\u0131ndan,1938 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara Radyosu bug\u00fcnk\u00fc binas\u0131nda yay\u0131na ge\u00e7ti.Cumhuriyet\u00e7i g\u00fcndemin kitlelere tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve halk deste\u011finin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in radyonun \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7 oldu\u011fu ortadayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de radyoculu\u011fun \u00f6zellikle 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131.1939 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de radyo al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 56.000\u2019e y\u00fckseldi, ancak teknoloji konusunda Bat\u0131\u2019ya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130\u00e7erikler \u00f6zelinde ise devletradyoyu \u00f6zellikle propaganda ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak kulland\u0131. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin NATO\u2019ya girmesiyle birlikte Bat\u0131 ile yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n etkileri yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k hayat\u0131na da yans\u0131d\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde radyoda Marshall yard\u0131m\u0131, NATO ve UNESCO hakk\u0131nda programlar ba\u015flad\u0131. 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarla birlikteT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki radyolar\u0131 tek \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplay\u0131p televizyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 da ba\u015flatacak olan bir yay\u0131n kurumuna ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131. Bu bo\u015flu\u011fu TRT doldurdu.TRT’nin kurulmas\u0131 ile radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek e\u011fitim ve haber g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ld\u0131, program planlamalar\u0131 bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede yap\u0131ld\u0131. Radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla geli\u015fmesi ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131 TRT’nin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda radyoculukta \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme ya\u015fand\u0131. Radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131 merkezden TRT1, TRT2, TRT3 yay\u0131n postalar\u0131 olarak yap\u0131land\u0131 ve TRT1 24 saat yay\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. TRT1\u00b4de m\u00fczik, e\u011fitim, haber, reklam, e\u011flence, drama programlar\u0131; TRT\u2019de e\u011fitim-k\u00fclt\u00fcr, drama, haber, m\u00fczik programlar\u0131; TRT3\u00b4de \u00e7ok sesli m\u00fczik ve e\u011fitici m\u00fczik programlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Ankara, \u0130stanbul ve \u0130zmir\u2019deki radyo st\u00fcdyolar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Antalya, \u00c7ukurova, Diyarbak\u0131r, Erzurum, Trabzon b\u00f6lge radyo st\u00fcdyolar\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgelere y\u00f6nelik programlar yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel Radyolar Devreye Giriyor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk \u00f6zel radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131 FM band\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. Yabanc\u0131 pop ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e pop m\u00fczik yay\u0131n\u0131 yapan iki \u00f6zel radyo kanal\u0131 kuruldu. Bunlardan biri\u0130ngilizce radyo yay\u0131n\u0131 yapan Bodrum Belediyesi, di\u011feri ise 101 FM frekans\u0131ndan yay\u0131na ba\u015flayan Mehmet Duru\u2019nun sahip oldu\u011fu Kent FM oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zel radyolara ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci olduk\u00e7a sanc\u0131l\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131.\u00d6zel radyo kanallar\u0131n\u0131n yeni yasa kurallar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flamalar\u0131 uzun zaman ald\u0131.Hemen hemen pek \u00e7ok ulusal radyo kanal\u0131 RT\u00dcK taraf\u0131ndan kapatma ya da uyar\u0131 cezas\u0131 ald\u0131.T\u00fcm bu sanc\u0131l\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonucunda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 133. maddesi 1993 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131nTemmuz ay\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek radyo yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan devlet tekeli kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Radyo Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz teknolojisinde radyo yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha kaliteli ve ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir hale geldi. \u0130nternet yoluyla yap\u0131lan yay\u0131nlara, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda t\u00fcm internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015febilmesi k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131na etkisi olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. \u0130nternet \u00fczerinden radyo dinleyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 her ge\u00e7en y\u0131l daha da art\u0131yor ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda dabu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u00fcrece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Dinleyicilerinak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon, tablet ve bilgisayar \u00fczerinden radyo yay\u0131nlar\u0131na ula\u015fabildi\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeD\u00fcnya genelinde 44.000, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise 1.078 radyo istasyonu bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1.078 radyodan 35\u2019i ulusal, 99\u2019u b\u00f6lgesel, 944\u2019\u00fc ise yerel yay\u0131n yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

UNESCO D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc Kutlamaya Davet Ediyor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc her y\u0131l farkl\u0131 temalarla kutlayan UNESCO bu y\u0131l\u0131n temas\u0131n\u0131 Evrim, Yenilik ve Ba\u011flant\u0131 olarak belirledi. Uluslararas\u0131 Telekom\u00fcnikasyon Birli\u011fi\u2019ne g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnyadaki evlerin %75\u2019i radyo sahibidir. Ayr\u0131ca haberlere ula\u015fmak ve ileti\u015fim kurmak i\u00e7in geni\u015f bant ba\u011flant\u0131 kullananlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn art\u0131yor. UNESCO; kamusal, \u00f6zel radyo ve topluluk radyosu yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc kutlamaya te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 dillerde sesli mesajlar ve topluluk radyosu kitap\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir internet sitesi olu\u015fturdu. Bu site, kamunun aralar\u0131nda Pablo Neruda, Jean-Paul Sartre, JorgeLuisBorges, Andr\u00e9Malraux, Pablo Picasso, Charles de Gaulle, YuriGagarin, NikolayNikolaevichSemenov, Nelson Mandela, Frederik de Klerk ve Harry Belafonte\u2019nin bulundu\u011fu ki\u015filerin sesleriyle UNESCO\u2019nun ses ar\u015fivinden \u00fccretsiz yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.Altm\u0131\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir UNESCO ba\u015fta topluluk radyosu alan\u0131 ve radyonun insani yard\u0131mda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 konusu olmak \u00fczere bas\u0131n alan\u0131nda birtak\u0131m giri\u015fimlere de \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun %95\u2019ine ula\u015fabilme yetisiyle en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan kitle ileti\u015fim arac\u0131 olan radyo d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc yerini her zaman korudu. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler E\u011fitim, Bilim ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Organizasyonu (UNESCO) 25 Ekim-10 Kas\u0131m 2011 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 36. Genel Konferans\u0131\u2019nda Bilgi ve \u0130leti\u015fim Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen bir \u00f6neriyle 13 \u015eubat\u2019\u0131 D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc ilan etti. Kararda, D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131yla kutlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal, b\u00f6lgesel veya uluslararas\u0131 radyo birlik \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve di\u011fer medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkinliklerinde bu g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 istendi. Bu kapsamda her y\u0131l 13 \u015eubat D\u00fcnya Radyo G\u00fcn\u00fc farkl\u0131 temalarla kutlan\u0131yor. UNESCO bu y\u0131l\u0131n temalar\u0131n\u0131 Evrim, Yenilik ve Ba\u011flant\u0131 olarak belirledi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":14641,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[1485,59,648],"class_list":["post-14636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-13-subat-dunya-radyo-gunu","tag-dunya-radyo-gunu","tag-radyo-gunu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14636","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14636"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14636\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}