{"id":19185,"date":"2022-12-06T14:24:02","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T11:24:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=19185"},"modified":"2022-12-06T14:25:04","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T11:25:04","slug":"dunya-edebiyatindan-5-klasik-eser","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2022\/12\/06\/dunya-edebiyatindan-5-klasik-eser\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya Edebiyat\u0131ndan 5 Klasik Eser"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Haber: Raziye Sayaslan<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Haber Merkezi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131nda \u00f6yk\u00fc, 14.y\u00fczy\u0131lda Boccacio’nun Decameron adl\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fc derlemelerini yazmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, bu \u00f6yk\u00fcler yaz\u0131 yoluyla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar \u00e7\u0131kagelmi\u015ftir. Boccacio’nun bu eserini okuyacak olanlar, yine d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacak romanlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kararak as\u0131l roman\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tolstoy, Balzac, Victor Hugo, Jane Austen ve Dostoyevski… Gelelim onlar\u0131n baz\u0131 k\u00fclt eserlerine<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1- Notre Dame’\u0131n Kamburu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk roman Victor Hugo’ya ait olan Notre Dame’\u0131n Kamburu. Romantizmin bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu ama realizm etkisi de ta\u015f\u0131yan bu eser, Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali’nde sonra ya\u015fanan karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayaklanmalar\u0131, a\u015fk ve ihanet gibi evrensel temalar\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. \u00c7irkin ve kambur bir kilise zangocu olan Quasimodo, k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00fcrekli rahip Frollo ve g\u00fczelli\u011fiyle nam salm\u0131\u015f Esmeralda roman\u0131n as\u0131l kahramanlar\u0131. Bir a\u015fk \u00fc\u00e7geninin \u00e7evreledi\u011fi toplumsal bir ele\u015ftiri… Asl\u0131nda yazar, en basit tabirle g\u00fczelli\u011fin kendini g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte de\u011fil, ruhta g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini betimliyor. \u00c7ingeneler, lanet, kay\u0131p bebekler, a\u015fk, toplumun \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyen y\u00fcz\u00fc romanda ana unsur olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

“G\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 herkesin mal\u0131d\u0131r. Ne diye bana yaln\u0131z geceyi veriyorlar?”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2- Sava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci eser, Leo Tolstoy’un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hacimli ama bir o kadar da muazzam bir eser: “Sava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f.” Rusya’n\u0131n \u00c7arl\u0131k d\u00f6nemini, Napolyon sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131, aristokrat ailelerin ahlaki \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc edebi bir dille ama hicvederek yazan Tolstoy; yine aileler aras\u0131 zoraki evliliklere ve kimli\u011fi belirsiz a\u015fklara de\u011finiyor. Romanda, Nata\u015fa’n\u0131n, Prens Andrey’in ve dahi be\u015f y\u00fcz civar\u0131ndaki kahraman\u0131n a\u015fk ve toplum hakk\u0131ndaki fikirlerine romantik bir perspektifle bak\u0131yor; Tolstoy’un ahlaka ve aileye dair d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini okuyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

“\u00c2\u015f\u0131k oldum dostum. Daha \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131yormu\u015fum.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3- Vadideki Zambak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir di\u011fer eser, Hugo gibi Frans\u0131z \u00fcstatlardan Balzac’\u0131n Vadideki Zambak adl\u0131 roman\u0131. Felix ve Madam Henriette’nin bir yan\u0131 tutkuyla ba\u015flayan ama sonunda birinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle biten yo\u011fun bir a\u015fk selini anlat\u0131r roman. Sevginin korkutucu yan\u0131n\u0131 bir k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131klar silsilesi e\u015fli\u011finde betimliyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu roman, 100 Temel Eser aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ve muhakkak okunmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

“Her ac\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi vard\u0131r, ben \u00f6yle \u00e7ok alanda ac\u0131 \u00e7ektim ki bilgim \u00e7ok geni\u015f.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4- A\u015fk ve Gurur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131rada \u0130ngiliz edebiyat\u0131ndan bir yazar olan Jane Austen ve A\u015fk ve Gurur var. K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131ktan tutun da aristokrat-k\u00f6yl\u00fc m\u00fccadelesini ve devrin fikir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan eserde d\u00f6neme damga vuran birka\u00e7 \u00f6nemli ele\u015ftiri de vard\u0131r. Be\u015f gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7evresini anlatan yazar, Elizabeth, Darcy, Lydia ve Wickham etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen olaylar\u0131 dramatik bir dille resmeder. Soylu delikanl\u0131lar\u0131n budalal\u0131klar\u0131, kader, aristokrat tabakan\u0131n mutsuz evlilikleri gibi konular\u0131 ele al\u0131r Austen. Mutluluk i\u00e7in ne yapmak gerekir sorusunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 kitapta yan\u0131tlar.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

“Onun gururunu ben de kolayl\u0131kla ho\u015f g\u00f6rebilirdim, benim gururuma dokunmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 e\u011fer.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5- Su\u00e7 ve Ceza<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve i\u015fte son eser, Rus edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n devlerinden Dostoyevski’nin me\u015fhur k\u00fclt eseri; Su\u00e7 ve Ceza. Ahlaki eylemlerin, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc insan kalbinin kitab\u0131 bu bir nevi. Raskolnikov’un cinayete te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc, su\u00e7luluk buhranlar\u0131 ve cevab\u0131 olmayan etik sorular\u0131. Para i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z bizi iyi bir insan yapar m\u0131 sorusuna y\u00f6nlendiriyor bizi Dostoyevski. En \u00f6nemlisi de kahraman\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimlik bunal\u0131m\u0131 ve karga\u015falar. Bir yan\u0131 sempatik ve ak\u0131ll\u0131 olan, di\u011fer yan\u0131ysa anti-sosyal ve nihilist Raskolnikov su\u00e7unu itiraf edecek midir, bunu da sorgular\u0131z romanda. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

“Peki kendini ni\u00e7in asmak istedin<\/em>?” ” -D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Haber: Raziye Sayaslan \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Haber Merkezi D\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131nda \u00f6yk\u00fc, 14.y\u00fczy\u0131lda Boccacio’nun Decameron adl\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fc derlemelerini yazmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, bu \u00f6yk\u00fcler yaz\u0131 yoluyla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar \u00e7\u0131kagelmi\u015ftir. Boccacio’nun bu eserini okuyacak olanlar, yine d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacak romanlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kararak as\u0131l roman\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tolstoy, Balzac, Victor Hugo, Jane Austen ve Dostoyevski… Gelelim onlar\u0131n baz\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":19374,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"double-sidebar","sidebar":"single-left","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,30,2085],"tags":[2390,2388,2389,2387],"class_list":["post-19185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-kultur-sanat","category-manset-haber","tag-dunya-edebiyati","tag-dunya-edebiyatindan-klasikler","tag-klasik-edebiyat","tag-klasik-edebiyat-eserleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19185"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19185\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}