{"id":22009,"date":"2023-12-15T18:02:40","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T15:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=22009"},"modified":"2023-12-19T13:50:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-19T10:50:20","slug":"istanbul-universitesinde-cumhuriyetle-gelen-degisim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2023\/12\/15\/istanbul-universitesinde-cumhuriyetle-gelen-degisim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Cumhuriyetle Gelen De\u011fi\u015fim"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Haber: Ezgi Okay <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Edit\u00f6r: Ya\u011fmur Sertkaya<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Milli Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Erhan Afyoncu 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk \u00f6nderli\u011finde yap\u0131lan \u00fcniversite reformunu, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Avrupal\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu d\u00f6neme olan etkisini ve \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin y\u0131llar i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fimini anlatt\u0131.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cumhuriyet D\u00f6neminde<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prof. Dr. Erhan Afyoncu, \u00fcniversite maceras\u0131 \u00e7ok uzun olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00fcniversite kurmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00e7aba sarf edildi\u011fini, Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131yla birlikte yap\u0131lan ink\u0131laplarla Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun\u2019un 1933 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00f6\u011frenci yeti\u015ftirmeye devam etmesine ra\u011fmen \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n gerisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk \u00f6nderli\u011finde yap\u0131lan \u00fcniversite reformu ile \u00e7a\u011fa uygunluk yakalanmak istendi\u011fini belirten Afyoncu \u00fcniversitelerde Avrupai tarzda yap\u0131lanmalara ve de\u011fi\u015fiklere gidildi\u011fini, bu durumun fayda zarar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalar da oldu\u011funu dile getirdi. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00fcniversitelerde yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler nedeniyle baz\u0131 \u00fcniversite hocalar\u0131 eski sistem mensubu olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcremediler ve yeni \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlilerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Almanya\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O d\u00f6nemde Almanya&#8217;dan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden bilim insanlar\u0131 da iktisat, hukuk, edebiyat, tarih ve felsefe gibi alanlarda faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi. \u00d6rne\u011fin tarih alan\u0131nda Engelberk, Andreas Tietze, Kraus gibi isimler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131lar. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6zellikle 1933-1950 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131, kimileri bu tarihten sonra da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu bilim insanlar\u0131 ile 2 sene i\u00e7erisinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00f6\u011frenim \u015fart\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kitap yaz\u0131mlar\u0131 ve kitap terc\u00fcmeleri gibi baz\u0131 anla\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Devlet, \u00fcniversite reformunu o d\u00f6nem b\u00fct\u00e7e \u015fartlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde destekledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle k\u00fct\u00fcphane ve \u00e7eviriler geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi. K\u00fct\u00fcphane konusunda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan bilim insanlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde tasnif &nbsp;etti. B\u00f6ylelikle ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi ve kalitesi artt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dcniversiteler \u00c7o\u011fal\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcniversitelerde halk\u0131n derslere kat\u0131labildi\u011fi bu tarihlerde derslere kat\u0131l\u0131m olsa da bilgileri alabilmek i\u00e7in belli bir birikimin de gerekti\u011fi yads\u0131namaz bir ger\u00e7ek. 1970 ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra \u00f6zellikle artan n\u00fcfus ve ihtiya\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda h\u0131zla \u00fcniversiteler a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Artan say\u0131lar ile \u00fcniversite yap\u0131s\u0131 bir miktar zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dcniversitelerde Usta \u00c7\u0131rak \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitimin geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bu y\u0131llarda \u00fcniversitelerde usta \u00e7\u0131rak ili\u015fkisine ge\u00e7ildi. Ders i\u015fleme bi\u00e7imleri ve \u00f6\u011fretim metodlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti bu durum asistanlara ve \u00f6\u011frencilere bir hayli etki etti. Yabanc\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlilerinin asistanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan, onlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda yeti\u015fen \u00f6\u011frenciler lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitime y\u00f6neldi. Doktora yapan \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haber: Ezgi Okay Edit\u00f6r: Ya\u011fmur Sertkaya Milli Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Erhan Afyoncu 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk \u00f6nderli\u011finde yap\u0131lan \u00fcniversite reformunu, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Avrupal\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu d\u00f6neme olan etkisini ve \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin y\u0131llar i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fimini anlatt\u0131.&nbsp; Cumhuriyet D\u00f6neminde Prof. Dr. Erhan Afyoncu, \u00fcniversite maceras\u0131 \u00e7ok uzun olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00fcniversite kurmak i\u00e7in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":22016,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"double-sidebar","sidebar":"single-left","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,1,34],"tags":[43,2801,1730,2802],"class_list":["post-22009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim","category-genel","category-universite","tag-istanbul-universitesi","tag-prof-dr-erhan-afyoncu","tag-universite","tag-universite-reformu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22009"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22009\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}