{"id":23079,"date":"2024-05-13T12:36:06","date_gmt":"2024-05-13T09:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=23079"},"modified":"2024-05-13T12:36:06","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T09:36:06","slug":"iklim-degisikligi-tarimsal-uretim-icin-risk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2024\/05\/13\/iklim-degisikligi-tarimsal-uretim-icin-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Tar\u0131msal \u00dcretim \u0130\u00e7in Risk"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Haber: Ay\u015feg\u00fcl Ni\u015fli<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de mevsim normalleri\u00a0d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\u00a0ya\u015fanan\u00a0hava olaylar\u0131\u00a0iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Kurakl\u0131k ve mevsim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar gibi ekstrem hava olaylar\u0131 tar\u0131msal faaliyetleri\u00a0de do\u011frudan etkiliyor. \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u00a0Co\u011frafya B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0\u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr.\u00a0Muzaffer Bak\u0131rc\u0131,\u00a0iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin\u00a0tar\u0131m\u00fczerindeki\u00a0etkilerine\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u00a0etkin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131\u00a0vurgularken;\u00a0\u00c7ift\u00e7iler Sendikas\u0131\u00a0Genel \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme Sekreteri Adnan \u00c7obano\u011flu ise \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin\u00a0ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlara de\u011findi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yer \u015fekilleri, su kaynaklar\u0131, toprak \u015fartlar\u0131 ve iklim \u00f6zellikleri gibi bir\u00e7ok do\u011fal fakt\u00f6rden etkilenen tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim; bu fakt\u00f6rlerden herhangi birinde olu\u015fabilecek sorunlar nedeniyle \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u0131s\u0131tlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabiliyor. Prof. Dr. Bak\u0131rc\u0131 bu durumu, \u201c\u0130klim di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rleri \u015fekillendiren bir akt\u00f6r oldu\u011fundan hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle tar\u0131msal su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131, bunun olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc sular tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin d\u00fczeyini belirlemektedir.\u201d ifadeleriyle dile getirdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kli<\/strong>m Krizi <\/strong>Tar\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mevcut iklim \u015fartlar\u0131na adapte olan topluluklar\u0131n olas\u0131 radikal iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden\u00a0ciddi anlamda etkilenebilece\u011fini\u00a0belirten Bak\u0131rc\u0131,\u00a0\u201cY\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyelerine kar\u015f\u0131 hassas olan ve su ihtiyac\u0131 fazla olan bitkisel \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden olumsuz etkilenece\u011fi beklenebilir. Bu durum T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de al\u0131\u015f\u0131lagelmi\u015f bitkisel \u00fcr\u00fcn deseninde farkl\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n da muhtemel oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bak\u0131rc\u0131,\u00a0bahsedilen bu olumsuz\u00a0etkilerin\u00a0yan\u0131 s\u0131ra\u00a0insanlar\u0131n\u00a0uyum\u00a0becerisine\u00a0dikkat \u00e7ekti\u00a0ve\u00a0\u201cH\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda yo\u011fun s\u0131cakl\u0131k sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kurakl\u0131k d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her b\u00f6lgesinde ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde cereyan etmemektedir. Bu bak\u0131mdan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde zorluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan bu de\u011fi\u015fim baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7in ise yeni imk\u00e2nlar anlam\u0131na gelebilecektir.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Riskin Hafifletilmesi M\u00fcmk\u00fcn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bak\u0131rc\u0131, \u201cKonu T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6zelinde de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, \u00fclkemizde zaten mevcut durumda kurak ve yar\u0131 kurak iklimin h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgeler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7in su kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u00fcr\u00fcn yeti\u015fme s\u00fcresi konusunda baz\u0131 olumsuzluklar\u0131n olmas\u0131 kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Ancak iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin \u00fclkemizde tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim yap\u0131lamayacak duruma getirmesi, kolay savunulacak bir yakla\u015f\u0131m de\u011fildir. Evet, ciddi bir riskle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak \u00f6zellikle su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n etkin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yeni duruma adapte olabilecek \u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcrlerinin se\u00e7ilmesiyle riskin hafifletilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u201d ifadelerinde bulundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde insan faaliyetleri sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilen k\u00fcresel iklimdeki de\u011fi\u015fimde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn anahtar\u0131 da yine insan\u0131n kendisi olacakt\u0131r.\u201d diyen Bak\u0131rc\u0131, kamuoyundan gelen etkili tepkilerin karar vericilerin tedbir almas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayabilece\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Bak\u0131rc\u0131, \u201cAksi takdirde geriye bir tek se\u00e7enekkalmaktad\u0131r, o da olabildi\u011fince yeni durumu adapte olman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r.\u201d diyerek s\u00f6zlerini noktalad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcretic<\/strong>i Hangi Sorunlarla Kar\u015f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131ya?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7iler Sendikas\u0131 Genel \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme Sekreteri Adnan \u00c7obano\u011flu, \u00f6zellikle\u00a0ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yaz d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan yo\u011fun kurakl\u0131k ve mevsim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bitkisel \u00fcretimde sorunlara neden oldu\u011funu belirtti. \u201c\u00d6rne\u011fin arpa\u00a0ve\u00a0bu\u011fday\u0131n\u00a0a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar nedeniyle boylar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc ama ba\u015faklar meyve tutmakta zorland\u0131. T\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcler bir ay ge\u00e7 t\u00fct\u00fcn etmek durumunda kald\u0131lar, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015f nedeniyle t\u00fct\u00fcnlerini dikemediler.\u00a0\u00dcz\u00fcmlerde ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar nedeniyle ciddi hastal\u0131klar meydana geldi.\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015fan \u00c7obano\u011flu, rekoltede\u00a0ya\u015fanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015flere de dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130klim Krizi ve <\/strong>Tar\u0131mda <\/strong>Kimyasal Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Paradoksu <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7obano\u011flu yo\u011fun ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n bitkilerde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0mantarihastal\u0131klar nedeniyle kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti\u00a0ve,\u00a0\u201c\u00dcreticiler sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 besin ortaya koyabilmek yerine \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc koruma derdi i\u00e7ine girdi\u011finden dolay\u0131\u00a0iklim krizine etki edecek tarzda kimyasal kullan\u0131yor. Bitkisel \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan kimyasallar ciddi anlamda iklim krizinin tetikleyicileridir.\u00a0Topraktaki bir\u00e7ok bakteriyi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla topra\u011f\u0131n karbon emme \u00f6zelli\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.\u201d dedi.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ili\u015fkisine de\u011finen \u00c7obano\u011flu,\u00a0\u201cEkolojik denge bozulmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bitkisel \u00fcretimin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 a\u015fmak i\u00e7in bol miktarda kimyasal kullanmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yorsunuz. Kimyasal i\u00e7in fabrikalar\u0131n\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0depolama,\u00a0nakliyenin\u00a0ve makinenin\u00a0olmas\u0131\u00a0laz\u0131m.\u00a0Bunlar\u0131n hepsi enerji t\u00fcketimi.\u201d\u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.\u00a0\u00c7obano\u011flu,\u00a0iklim\u00a0krizinin\u00a0\u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ebilmek i\u00e7in sistemin enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde yeniden kurgulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130klim krizine en dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olan yerel tohumlard\u0131r.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7obano\u011flu \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcrecin \u00fcretici ve t\u00fcketici a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi bir \u00fcretim ve g\u0131da problemine neden olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.\u00a0Bu risklere kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemlerde yerel tohumlar\u0131n \u00f6nemi \u00fczerinde duran\u00a0\u00c7obano\u011flu, \u201c\u0130klim krizine yine de en dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olan yerel tohumlard\u0131r. Bu tohumlar binlerce y\u0131lda adapte olmu\u015ftur ve en dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bitki\u00a0\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini sa\u011flar.\u00a0Laboratuvarko\u015fullar\u0131nda \u00fcretilip ila\u00e7lanan, hibrit hale getirilen tohumlar iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Geleneksel bir\u00e7ok bu\u011fday\u0131m\u0131z susuz ko\u015fullarda bile \u00fcr\u00fcn vermeye devam eder, sonradan\u00a0piyasaya sunulan, \u015firket kontrol\u00fcndeki bir\u00e7ok bu\u011fday ve arpa\u00a0ise\u00a0a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 su ihtiyac\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.\u201d\u00a0dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c<\/strong>Biz \u00fcretmek istiyoruz, <\/strong>ama \u00fcretti\u011fimiz \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini korumak da istiyoruz.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7obano\u011flu iklim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 tedbirlerin ve \u00fcreticileri topra\u011f\u0131nda tutmaya dair te\u015fviklerin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi ve s\u00f6zlerini, \u201c\u00d6nlem almay\u0131nca\u00fcretimden ka\u00e7an bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i haline geliyoruz hepimiz. Fakat Biz \u00fcretmek istiyoruz, ama \u00fcretmek istedi\u011fimiz \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini korumak da istiyoruz. \u00dcretirken do\u011faya zarar vermek, do\u011faya zarar veren kimyasallar\u0131 kullanmakistemiyoruz. Ayn\u0131 duyar\u0131 da herkesten bekliyoruz. B\u00f6yle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin de, sel felaketlerinin de \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f olunur.\u201d ifadeleriyle tamamlad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Haber: Ay\u015feg\u00fcl Ni\u015fli T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de mevsim normalleri\u00a0d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\u00a0ya\u015fanan\u00a0hava olaylar\u0131\u00a0iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Kurakl\u0131k ve mevsim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar gibi ekstrem hava olaylar\u0131 tar\u0131msal faaliyetleri\u00a0de do\u011frudan etkiliyor. \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u00a0Co\u011frafya B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0\u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr.\u00a0Muzaffer Bak\u0131rc\u0131,\u00a0iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin\u00a0tar\u0131m\u00fczerindeki\u00a0etkilerine\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u00a0etkin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131\u00a0vurgularken;\u00a0\u00c7ift\u00e7iler Sendikas\u0131\u00a0Genel \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme Sekreteri Adnan \u00c7obano\u011flu ise \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin\u00a0ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 sorunlara de\u011findi. Yer \u015fekilleri, su kaynaklar\u0131, toprak \u015fartlar\u0131 ve iklim \u00f6zellikleri gibi bir\u00e7ok do\u011fal fakt\u00f6rden etkilenen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":23081,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"double-sidebar","sidebar":"single-left","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,2085,2348,35],"tags":[3097,1672,3096,1676,3098,2086],"class_list":["post-23079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-manset-haber","category-manset-yani","category-yasam","tag-adnan-cobanoglu","tag-iklim-degisikligi","tag-iklim-krizi-2","tag-kuresel-isinma","tag-prof-dr-muzaffer-bakirci","tag-tarim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23079\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}