{"id":24889,"date":"2025-04-28T17:05:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:05:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=24889"},"modified":"2025-04-28T17:05:31","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:05:31","slug":"prof-dr-cezmi-eraslanin-objektifinden-osmanlinin-son-donemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2025\/04\/28\/prof-dr-cezmi-eraslanin-objektifinden-osmanlinin-son-donemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan\u2019\u0131n Objektifinden Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Son D\u00f6nemi \u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Muhabir: Serranur \u015eener, Emir Uygur<\/em><\/strong> 
Foto\u011fraf: Berk Balc\u0131<\/em><\/strong> 
\u0130stanbul \u2013 (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi)<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan ile  II. Abd\u00fclhamid ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yle\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan, \u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019ni, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerindeki reform \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ve II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in devlet politikalar\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini aktard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u00c7anakkale Cephesi d\u00fcnya siyasetinin \u015fekillenmesini sa\u011flayan bir cephedir\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7anakkale Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kara ve deniz sava\u015f\u0131 olarak ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Cezmi Eraslan, deniz zaferinin  110. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 18 Mart\u2019ta kutland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. Zaferden sonra \u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019nin kapanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kara sava\u015flar\u0131yla devam etti\u011fini ifade etti. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130htiyat kuvveti olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen emri yerine getirmedi\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kara sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 25 Nisan\u2019da Ar\u0131burnu\u2019ndaki \u00e7\u0131karmayla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Eraslan, bu safhada Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinden birinin de Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bolay\u0131r\u2019da g\u00f6revliyken b\u00f6lgenin co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmesi oldu\u011funu dile getirdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBurada 19. T\u00fcmen Komutan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Yarbay Mustafa Kemal, Alman General Liman Von Sanders\u2019in, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n karaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p yerle\u015fmesine izin veren stratejisine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak yetkisi olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen h\u0131zla harekete ge\u00e7ti ve d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015fmesini engelledi.\u201d \u015feklinde aktard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBo\u011fazlar\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa etmek, \u0130stanbul\u2019u m\u00fcdafaa etmektir\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u00c7anakkale cephesi tabyalar haritas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019nde II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in, bo\u011fazlar\u0131 savunman\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019u savunmak oldu\u011fu bilinciyle hareket etti\u011fini belirten Eraslan, \u015fu ifadeleri kulland\u0131: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019nde d\u00fc\u015fmana en fazla zarar veren hat 3. hatt\u0131r. Bu hatt\u0131n di\u011fer ismi Hamidiye Hatt\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu isimle an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahip oldu\u011fu tabyayla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bu savunma hatt\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan Eraslan, Sultan\u2019\u0131n bu tabyan\u0131n masraflar\u0131n\u0131 taksitlerle \u00f6dedi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019da \u00c7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015fma \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Hendese-i M\u00fclkiye Mektebi (1883) (EMO)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Eraslan, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kaybederek y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak y\u0131k\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce \u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015fmak ve \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yakalamak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7aba sarf etti\u011fini belirtti. \u00d6zellikle II. Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde e\u011fitim, teknoloji ve sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019da her seviyede k\u0131z ve erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in okullar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Eraslan, bu okullardan yeti\u015fen yeni neslin ayn\u0131 sistemi devam ettirmek istemedi\u011fini ifade etti. Erarslan konuyla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini, \u201cBir hanedan\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak yerine milleti \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kararak, devlet idaresini millete dayand\u0131rmak istediler\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle belirtti.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin bile\u015fenlerinden ve y\u00f6netim \u015fekillerinden bahseden Eraslan, \u201cSon padi\u015fahlardan biri olan Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in ve Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn devlet y\u00f6netimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 tarzlar\u0131 ve politikalar\u0131 olsa da esas olarak ikisinin de devletin bekas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesi, var\u0131lan ortak noktad\u0131r\u201d dedi.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi (ARKHE SANAT) (1882)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYap\u0131lan reformlarla birlikte kaybedilen topraklar\u0131 da kabul etmek gerekir\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid her ne kadar reform ve yenilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u00f6nem vermi\u015f olsa da d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Eraslan, bu durumu \u015fu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTunus\u2019un 1881 y\u0131l\u0131nda, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ise 1882\u2019de kaybedilmesi s\u00fcrecinde Abd\u00fclhamid yok muydu? Vard\u0131 tabii ki de. Ancak bu topraklar\u0131n kaybedilmesi fiilen o d\u00f6nemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olsa da resmen kabul edilmesi I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde netle\u015fmi\u015ftir.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in Me\u015frutiyet\u2019i getirdi\u011finin memnuniyetle ifade edildi\u011fini ancak d\u00f6neminde kaybedilen topraklar\u0131n sanki onun sorumlulu\u011funda de\u011filmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterilmesinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu belirtti ve s\u00f6zlerini noktalad\u0131. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Muhabir: Serranur \u015eener, Emir Uygur Foto\u011fraf: Berk Balc\u0131 \u0130stanbul \u2013 (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi)  \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan ile  II. Abd\u00fclhamid ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yle\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.  Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan, \u00c7anakkale Cephesi\u2019ni, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerindeki reform \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ve II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in devlet politikalar\u0131na dair […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":24896,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,34,30,2085,2348],"tags":[590,3293,742],"class_list":["post-24889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-universite","category-kultur-sanat","category-manset-haber","category-manset-yani","tag-ataturk","tag-prof-dr-cezmi-eraslan","tag-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24889"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24905,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24889\/revisions\/24905"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}