{"id":27933,"date":"2026-02-23T10:05:11","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T07:05:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=27933"},"modified":"2026-02-23T10:05:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T07:05:11","slug":"turkiye-saglik-sisteminin-2025-karnesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2026\/02\/23\/turkiye-saglik-sisteminin-2025-karnesi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sisteminin 2025 Karnesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Haber: K\u00fcbra M\u0131s\u0131ro\u011flu <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edit\u00f6r: \u00d6zg\u00fcr Recep Kocao\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul, (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi) – T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda nominal olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda nominal olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi ancak ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen hekim say\u0131s\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalarda en s\u0131k ba\u015fvurulan kaynaklardan biri olan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de kurucu \u00fcyelerinden oldu\u011fu Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (OECD) ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalmaya belirgin \u015fekilde devam etti. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa ayr\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fcrken, insan kayna\u011f\u0131 kapasitesinin de ayn\u0131 h\u0131zda art\u0131p artmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu merak ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nominal art\u0131\u015f, rakam\u0131n enflasyon hesaba kat\u0131lmadan b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor. Yani b\u00fct\u00e7e kalemleri k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde artarken, bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve hizmet kapasitesine ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca de\u011ferlendirilmek zorunda. Bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca toplam harcaman\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi, sistemin ayn\u0131 oranda g\u00fc\u00e7lendi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye son s\u0131rada<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

OECD \u00fclkelerinde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen cari sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri (ABD) 13 bin 818 dolar ile birinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, T\u00fcrkiye 2 bin 103 dolar ile sondan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131. ABD\u2019yi s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u0130svi\u00e7re, Norve\u00e7, Almanya ve Avusturya takip etti. OECD ortalamas\u0131 ise 5 bin 477 dolar olarak belirlendi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cari sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n Gayrisafi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131la (GSYH) i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ABD y\u00fczde 16,7 ile yine birinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fczde 4,3 ile son s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131. OECD ortalamas\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 9,1 olarak belirlendi. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u0130la\u00e7 harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u0130la\u00e7 Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc 2025 Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re ila\u00e7 harcamalar\u0131 toplam sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor. Ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ila\u00e7 sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ABD 2 bin 415 dolar ile s\u0131ran\u0131n birinci s\u0131ras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken, T\u00fcrkiye 131 dolar ile sondan ikinci s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131. ABD\u2019yi s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u0130svi\u00e7re, Kanada, Almanya ve Avusturya takip etti. OECD ortalamas\u0131 ise 570 dolar oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu harcamalar\u0131n GSYH i\u00e7indeki oran\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ABD y\u00fczde 2,8 ile birinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken onu Yunanistan, \u0130spanya, \u0130talya ve Portekiz takip etti. T\u00fcrkiye ise y\u00fczde 0,9 ile otuzuncu yani sondan sekizinci s\u0131rada yer alarak y\u00fczde 1,3 olan OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kald\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada dikkat \u00e7eken unsur reel b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile nominal b\u00fcy\u00fcme aras\u0131ndaki fark. Kur art\u0131\u015f\u0131, referans fiyat sistemi ve enflasyon etkisi nedeniyle harcama rakamlar\u0131 y\u00fckselirken, bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n hizmet kapasitesine birebir yans\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. \u00d6zellikle ithal ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran unsurlar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Bu durum, \u201cHarcama art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sistem geni\u015fliyor mu, yoksa maliyet mi art\u0131yor?\u201d sorusunu g\u00fcndeme getiriyor. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u0130la\u00e7 harcama finansman\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130la\u00e7 harcamalar\u0131 finansman\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kamu oran\u0131 \u00e7oklu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan listenin ilk s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 83,3 ile Fransa yer ald\u0131. Onu s\u0131ras\u0131yla Almanya ve \u0130rlanda takip etti. OECD T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ait bir veri payla\u015fmad\u0131 ancak T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan 2000-2023 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan istatistikte ise kamu oran\u0131 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 62,8 iken kamu oran\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu y\u0131l y\u00fczde 80,4 ile 2009 oldu. Korona d\u00f6nemi olan 2020, 2021 ve 2022\u2019de ise kamu oran\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fczde 78, y\u00fczde 75,6 ve y\u00fczde 70,5 oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Bin ki\u015fiye ka\u00e7 hekim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011finde b\u00fct\u00e7e kadar \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer unsur insan kayna\u011f\u0131. Bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen hekim say\u0131s\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde 2 ila 6 iken OECD ortalamas\u0131 3,9 oldu. T\u00fcrkiye bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen hekim say\u0131s\u0131nda 2,4 ile listenin sonunda yer al\u0131rken, s\u0131ran\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda 6,6 ile Yunanistan, 5,8 ile Portekiz ve 5,7 ile Avusturya yer ald\u0131. Bu tablo, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40 alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Yunanistan ise OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n da \u00fczerinde bir hekim yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu fark yaln\u0131zca say\u0131sal de\u011fil; i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc ve hizmet kalitesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da belirleyici. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hekim ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen hasta say\u0131s\u0131 OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a \u00fczerinde. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hekim ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen hasta say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle kamu hastanelerinde i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131ran unsurlar aras\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131yor. Hekim yo\u011funlu\u011funun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu sistemlerde muayene s\u00fcreleri k\u0131salarak randevu s\u00fcreleri uzuyor ve personel \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steriyor. Bu durum yaln\u0131zca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan memnuniyetini de\u011fil, hizmet kalitesini de do\u011frudan etkileyebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beyin g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc e\u011filimi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda hekimlerin yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6nelme e\u011filimi, sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin insan kayna\u011f\u0131 boyutunda ayr\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (TTB) verilerine g\u00f6re 2024\u2019te yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in 2 bin 692 hekim \u201c\u0130yi Hal Belgesi\u201d ald\u0131. Bu belge yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda doktorluk yapmak isteyenlerin ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu mesleki sicil belgesi olarak kabul ediliyor. 2020\u2019de bu say\u0131 931 iken, 2023\u2019te 3 bin 25\u2019e kadar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f hekim g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc e\u011filiminin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131, i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc, ekonomik beklentiler ve mesleki g\u00fcvenlik gibi fakt\u00f6rler g\u00f6\u00e7 karar\u0131nda etkili oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik sorusu <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm bu veriler birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde iki y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir tablo ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bir yandan sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131 artt\u0131, ila\u00e7 ve hizmet kalemleri b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc; di\u011fer yandan ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 harcama ve hekim yo\u011funlu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n gerisinde kald\u0131. Artan b\u00fct\u00e7enin sistemin yap\u0131sal sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sorusu bu noktada \u00f6nem kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k b\u00fct\u00e7esi artmaya devam ediyor. Ancak ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 harcama OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te biri d\u00fczeyinde kald\u0131; bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen hekim say\u0131s\u0131 ise OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40 alt\u0131nda seyretti. Bu iki veri birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, sistemin uzun vadeli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yap\u0131sal sorular g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi i\u00e7in \u201cArtan harcamalar insan kayna\u011f\u0131 kapasitesini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebildi mi? B\u00fct\u00e7e b\u00fcy\u00fcrken hizmet kalitesi ve eri\u015fim dengesi korunabildi mi?\u201d gibi sorular\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi 2025 itibar\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir finansal hacme sahip oldu; ancak uluslararas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar insan kayna\u011f\u0131 ve ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 harcama d\u00fczeyinde h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemli bir mesafe bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Haber: K\u00fcbra M\u0131s\u0131ro\u011flu  Edit\u00f6r: \u00d6zg\u00fcr Recep Kocao\u011flu \u0130stanbul, (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi) – T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda nominal olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131 son 5 y\u0131lda nominal olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi ancak ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde bin ki\u015fiye d\u00fc\u015fen hekim say\u0131s\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalarda en s\u0131k ba\u015fvurulan kaynaklardan biri olan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":27939,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,1,159,28,29,2085,2348,32,35],"tags":[3896,3613,3895,3218,638,1697],"class_list":["post-27933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim","category-genel","category-sag-manset","category-istanbul","category-iuwebtv","category-manset-haber","category-manset-yani","category-saglik","category-yasam","tag-hekim","tag-kubra-misiroglu","tag-oecd","tag-ozgur-recep-kocaoglu","tag-saglik","tag-turkiye"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27933"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27940,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27933\/revisions\/27940"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}