{"id":28041,"date":"2026-02-27T13:35:45","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T10:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=28041"},"modified":"2026-02-27T13:35:45","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T10:35:45","slug":"onlar-farkli-degil-ozel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2026\/02\/27\/onlar-farkli-degil-ozel\/","title":{"rendered":"Onlar Farkl\u0131 De\u011fil, \u00d6zel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Haber: Melek \u00d6zt\u00fcrk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmaniye, (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi) \u2013 \u00d6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n e\u011fitim s\u00fcreci ve toplumsal entegrasyon ve \u00e7ocuklara nas\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6zel e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretmeni Esma \u00d6zt\u00fcrk \u0130letim Gazetesi\u2019ne anlatt\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00f6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n yeteneklerinin do\u011fru e\u011fitim y\u00f6ntemleri, erken m\u00fcdahale programlar\u0131 ve bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f e\u011fitim planlar\u0131 ile en etkin \u015fekilde nas\u0131l geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fini de\u011ferlendirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ger\u00e7ek entegrasyon bilin\u00e7le ba\u015flar <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okul ve toplum ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde toplumsal ya\u015fama kat\u0131l\u0131m sa\u011flayabilmesi i\u00e7in bilin\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7eken \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, yaln\u0131zca fiziksel olarak ayn\u0131 ortamda bulunman\u0131n entegrasyon i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201cSadece \u00e7ocu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131fa koymak yetmez. Di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilere, \u00f6\u011fretmenlere ve velilere \u2018farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla bir arada ya\u015fama\u2019 e\u011fitimi verilmelidir. \u2018Engelli\u2019 de\u011fil, \u2018\u00f6zel gereksinimli\u2019 oldu\u011fu bilinci a\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131flarda k\u00f6pr\u00fc olacak bir sistem: akran rehberli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akran ili\u015fkilerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan yayg\u0131n sorunlara da de\u011finen \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00f6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n en s\u0131k ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 problemin sosyal d\u0131\u015flanma ve yaln\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma oldu\u011funu ifade etti. Bu durumun hem akademik ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 hem de duygusal geli\u015fimi olumsuz etkiledi\u011fini belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak s\u0131n\u0131flarda sistemli bir \u201cakran rehberli\u011fi\u201d uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201cG\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir arkada\u015f, \u00f6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocu\u011fa oyunlarda ve derslerde do\u011fal bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yanl\u0131\u015f alg\u0131larla m\u00fccadele<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n e\u011fitim hayat\u0131nda ve toplumsal ya\u015famda s\u0131k\u00e7a yanl\u0131\u015f alg\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n potansiyelini g\u00f6lgeledi\u011fini ifade etti. Toplumda yerle\u015fmi\u015f kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f yarg\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulayan \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201cYanl\u0131\u015f: \u2018Bu \u00e7ocuk hi\u00e7bir \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenemez.\u2019 Do\u011fru: Her \u00e7ocuk \u00f6\u011frenir, sadece baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yolu daha uzundur veya farkl\u0131 bir y\u00f6ntem gerektirir\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle konuya hangi perspektiften yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

E\u011fitimde erken ad\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yar\u0131nlar<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erken m\u00fcdahale programlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle 0\u20136 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde kritik bir rol \u00fcstlendi\u011fini belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, bu d\u00f6nemin zihinsel, dilsel ve sosyal geli\u015fim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirleyici oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti. S\u00f6z konusu programlar\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00f6\u011frenme kapasitesini ve sosyal becerilerini destekleyerek ilerleyen y\u0131llarda daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, erken m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6nemine \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle de\u011findi: \u201cA\u011fa\u00e7 ya\u015fken e\u011filir. Sorun ne kadar erken fark edilip e\u011fitime ba\u015flan\u0131rsa, \u00e7ocu\u011fun gelecekte ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir birey olma \u015fans\u0131 o kadar artar. 0-6 ya\u015f aras\u0131 alt\u0131n de\u011ferindedir\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Standart de\u011fil, ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel e\u011fitim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan Bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f E\u011fitim Planlar\u0131n\u0131n (BEP) akademik ve sosyal geli\u015fim \u00fczerindeki etkilerine de\u011finen \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, her \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00f6\u011frenme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n, ilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti. Standart bir e\u011fitim modelinin her \u00f6\u011frenci i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 sonucu vermeyece\u011fini belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, bireysel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201cNas\u0131l ki herkesin ayakkab\u0131 numaras\u0131 farkl\u0131ysa, e\u011fitimi de farkl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. BEP (Bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f E\u011fitim Plan\u0131) \u00e7ocu\u011fa dar gelen veya bol gelen e\u011fitimi de\u011fil, tam \u00fczerine g\u00f6re dikilmi\u015f bir elbiseyi sunar\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Sadece okul de\u011fil, hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n potansiyellerini en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde ortaya koyabilmeleri i\u00e7in hem e\u011fitim sisteminde hem de toplumsal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm gerekti\u011fini ifade eden \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinin ilk ad\u0131m oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n eksik y\u00f6nlerine odaklanman\u0131n geli\u015fimi s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201c\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n \u2018yapamad\u0131klar\u0131na\u2019 de\u011fil, \u2018neler yapabildiklerine\u2019 odaklanmal\u0131y\u0131z. E\u011fitim sadece okulda kalmamal\u0131; sokak, park ve market de onlara uygun (eri\u015filebilir) hale gelmeli\u201d s\u00f6zlerini kaydetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6\u011frenme modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hangi e\u011fitim y\u00f6ntemlerinin daha etkili oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin g\u00f6zlemlerini de payla\u015fan \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00f6zellikle g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme temelli ve basamakland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011fretim tekniklerinin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar verdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u00d6\u011frenme s\u00fcrecinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve y\u00f6netilebilir ad\u0131mlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcvenini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u201cEn ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 y\u00f6ntem, g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ad\u0131mlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6ntemdir. Bir beceriyi (\u00f6rne\u011fin el y\u0131kama) k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara ay\u0131r\u0131p her ad\u0131m\u0131 resimlerle destekledi\u011fimizde ba\u015far\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olur\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Haber: Melek \u00d6zt\u00fcrk Osmaniye, (\u0130\u00dc Haber Merkezi) \u2013 \u00d6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n e\u011fitim s\u00fcreci ve toplumsal entegrasyon ve \u00e7ocuklara nas\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6zel e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretmeni Esma \u00d6zt\u00fcrk \u0130letim Gazetesi\u2019ne anlatt\u0131. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, \u00f6zel gereksinimli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n yeteneklerinin do\u011fru e\u011fitim y\u00f6ntemleri, erken m\u00fcdahale programlar\u0131 ve bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f e\u011fitim planlar\u0131 ile en etkin \u015fekilde nas\u0131l geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fini de\u011ferlendirdi. Ger\u00e7ek entegrasyon bilin\u00e7le ba\u015flar  […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":28043,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,1,2085,2348,35],"tags":[491,651,3928,3349,3927],"class_list":["post-28041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim","category-genel","category-manset-haber","category-manset-yani","category-yasam","tag-cocuk","tag-egitim","tag-entegrasyon","tag-melek-ozturk","tag-ozel-cocuklar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28041","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28041"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28041\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28064,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28041\/revisions\/28064"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}