{"id":5353,"date":"2018-09-25T12:46:55","date_gmt":"2018-09-25T09:46:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=5353"},"modified":"2019-05-10T15:12:15","modified_gmt":"2019-05-10T12:12:15","slug":"istanbul-doguya-acilan-bir-kapi-olmustur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2018\/09\/25\/istanbul-doguya-acilan-bir-kapi-olmustur\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fu\u2019ya A\u00e7\u0131lan Bir Kap\u0131; \u0130stanbul"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hande Nur OCAK, Tu\u011f\u00e7e AY\u00c7\u0130N<\/strong><\/p>\n

En genel anlam\u0131yla Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu hakk\u0131ndaki imajlar\u0131 ya da Do\u011fu\u2019ya ili\u015fkin imgeleri olarak tan\u0131mlanan oryantalizm; roman, \u015fiir, seyahatname gibi edebiyat eserlerinden gazete yaz\u0131lar\u0131na, teolojik tart\u0131\u015fmalardan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara kadar Bat\u0131l\u0131 zihin d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n her noktas\u0131nda izinin s\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi bir aland\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oryantalizm ve seyyahlar konusunu ele alan \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Sosyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Y\u00fccel Bulut, \u201cOryantalizm denilince, kesin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirlemek tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 da olsa, genellikle Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu\u2019ya ili\u015fkin ilgisinden s\u00f6z ederiz\u201d dedi. Prof. Dr. Bulut, modern Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n olu\u015fum s\u00fcrecinde Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6tekisinin Do\u011fu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. \u0130ki d\u00fcnyay\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran s\u0131n\u0131r ya da e\u015fi\u011fin \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7eken Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201cBu s\u0131n\u0131r g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Orta Do\u011fu, Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan co\u011frafyada yer almaktad\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu \u0130lgisi Seyyahlarla Artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seyyahlar\u0131n ve gezi raporlar\u0131n\u0131n, oryantalist s\u00f6ylemin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir yere sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201c\u00d6rne\u011fin Marco Polo\u2019nun seyahati Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Do\u011fu hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerini besleyen \u00f6nemli bir kaynak niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r\u201d dedi. \u0130ki d\u00fcnya aras\u0131ndaki siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015fmesine de\u011finen Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u00f6zellikle de 17.ve 18. y\u00fczy\u0131llardan sonra, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n iktisadi ve siyasi geli\u015fmesiyle birlikte, belli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcven elde etmesinden bahsetti. Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201cBu \u00f6zg\u00fcven Do\u011fu\u2019ya seyahatlerin say\u0131s\u0131nda art\u0131\u015fa sebep oldu\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131l\u0131 seyyahlardan Romal\u0131 Pietro della Volle, Dr. Fran\u00e7ois Bernier, Jean Th\u00e9venot gibi isimlere de\u011finen Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201c40 y\u0131la yak\u0131n bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130ran, Hindistan ve Endonezya\u2019ya \u00e7e\u015fitli defalar seyahatler yapan Jean Baptiste Tavernier da bu noktada \u00f6nemli bir isimdir\u201d ifadelerine yer verdi. Seyyahlar\u0131n aktard\u0131klar\u0131 bilgilerin Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n zihninde Do\u011fu\u2019nun tutkulu bir merak haline gelmesine sebep oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201cBu bilgiler Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131 Do\u011fu\u2019ya y\u00f6nlendirmede te\u015fvik edici rol oynad\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131l\u0131 seyyahlar\u0131n Do\u011fu yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin verdikleri bilgilerden bahseden Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201c\u0130stanbul bu yolculuklar\u0131n ya son noktas\u0131d\u0131r ya da seyyahlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 Do\u011fu yolculuklar\u0131nda mola verdikleri Do\u011fu\u2019ya a\u00e7\u0131lan bir kap\u0131d\u0131r\u201d dedi. \u201cSeyahatnameleri d\u00f6neminin bir t\u00fcr \u2018turist rehberi\u2019 olarak da g\u00f6rebiliriz\u201d diye konu\u015fan Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u0130stanbul\u2019a ili\u015fkin seyahatnamelerin \u00e7o\u011funun ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta el\u00e7iliklerde g\u00f6revli personeller taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

Harem Hayat\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Anlat\u0131lar \u00c7o\u011funlukla Hayal \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seyahatnamelerde Osmanl\u0131 modernle\u015fmesi s\u00fcrecinin pek konu edilmedi\u011fini kaydeden Prof. Dr. Bulut, \u201cBu s\u00fcre\u00e7 seyahatnamelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda bir ele\u015ftiri ve rahats\u0131zl\u0131k konusu olarak g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015ftir\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu. Prof. Dr. Bulut, seyahatnamelerde Kapal\u0131\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 gibi yerlerin, ah\u015fap evler, sat\u0131c\u0131lar, harem hayat\u0131, padi\u015fah\u0131n Cuma selaml\u0131klar\u0131 gibi konular\u0131n daha geni\u015f anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve resmedildi\u011fini ifade ederken, \u201c\u0130stanbul\u2019a ili\u015fkin seyahatnamelerin en g\u00f6zde konular\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphesiz harem hayat\u0131 gelmektedir\u201d dedi. \u201cHarem hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin anlat\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu hayal \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr ve harem hayat\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011finden ziyade Bat\u0131l\u0131 seyyahlar\u0131n fantezilerini yans\u0131t\u0131r\u201d diye konu\u015fan Prof. Dr. Bulut, Bat\u0131l\u0131 yazar ve ressamlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedikleri hareme ili\u015fkin y\u0131\u011f\u0131nla imaj \u00fcrettiklerini de aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n