{"id":5931,"date":"2018-08-07T12:25:13","date_gmt":"2018-08-07T09:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/?p=5931"},"modified":"2019-05-10T15:13:01","modified_gmt":"2019-05-10T12:13:01","slug":"eskicag-anadolusunda-cesmeler-bir-arinma-sekliydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/2018\/08\/07\/eskicag-anadolusunda-cesmeler-bir-arinma-sekliydi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7e\u015fmeler \u0130nsanlar\u0131 Birbirine Yakla\u015ft\u0131ran Mekanlard\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ya\u011fmur Ceren KURAL<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fal kaynak sular\u0131n\u0131n uzak ya da yetersiz oldu\u011fu kentlere, ihtiyac\u0131 olan suyu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, insano\u011flu pek \u00e7ok sistem ve yap\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. Bunlardan biri de \u00e7e\u015fmelerdir. Bu konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Eski\u00e7a\u011f Dilleri ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Latin Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Bedia Demiri\u015f, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cBir yerle\u015fim dokusu i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131k alanlara bi\u00e7im verme unsuru olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fme yap\u0131lar\u0131 kent merkezlerinde, ana caddeler \u00fczerinde kurulmu\u015f, borularla kaynaktan getirilen suyun bir oluktan ya da bir musluktan akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yalakl\u0131 ya da havuzlu su yap\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyerek \u00e7e\u015fmeyi tan\u0131mlayan Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u201c\u00c7evremizde bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fme oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu at\u0131l durumda. Sular\u0131 akmaz, i\u00e7ine \u00e7\u00f6pler at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Ben de \u00e7e\u015fmelerin Eski\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da insanlardan nas\u0131l bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 merak ettim. Bunun i\u00e7in de bu konuyu se\u00e7tim\u201d diyerek bu konuyu ara\u015ft\u0131rma sebebini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Prof. Dr. Bedia Demiri\u015f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201c\u00c7e\u015fmeler Herkesin Ortak Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mek\u00e2nlard\u0131r\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eski\u00e7a\u011flar\u2019da yap\u0131lara, \u00f6zellikle konutlara suyun do\u011frudan ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerin \u00e7ok sonradan geldi\u011fini ve herkesin ortak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fmeler oldu\u011funu dile getiren Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u201cUrartular\u0131n \u00e7ok g\u00fczel su borusu sistemleri vard\u0131r. Yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131 belli yerlere getirmek i\u00e7in sistemler kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Romal\u0131lar da hem at\u0131k suyu atmak hem de suyu ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in buna benzer bir sistem kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla insan hayat\u0131nda suyun \u00f6nemi \u00e7ok\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fmelerin \u00f6ncelikle g\u00fcnl\u00fck su kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lar oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, zaman i\u00e7inde \u00e7e\u015fmelerin en basitten daha g\u00f6steri\u015fli hale geldi\u011fini dile getirdi. Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u00e7e\u015fmelerin dini a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu bildirerek, \u201c\u00d6zellikle Hititler\u2019de bir ar\u0131nma \u015fekli. Kral ve Krali\u00e7e tap\u0131na\u011fa girmeden \u00f6nce \u00e7e\u015fmelerden ellerini y\u0131k\u0131yorlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dini bir y\u00f6n\u00fc de bulunmakta\u201d s\u00f6zlerini ekledi. Suyun korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu kaydeden Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u201cAtina\u2019da sular\u0131 kirletenler i\u00e7in cezalar var. Bunun i\u00e7in yasalar koymu\u015flar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla suyun insan hayat\u0131ndaki \u00f6neminin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu Eski\u00e7a\u011f\u2019daki insanlar g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde kavram\u0131\u015flar ve bunu korumak i\u00e7in yasalar \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flar. E\u011fer soylu biri suyu kirletirse para cezas\u0131 var. E\u011fer bu ki\u015fi k\u00f6le ise k\u0131rba\u00e7 cezas\u0131 var. Yani baya\u011f\u0131 ceza yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olan bir durum\u201d \u015feklinde devam etti.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2018\u00c7e\u015fmeler Zamanla Ev Tipi Yap\u0131lara D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u2019\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kuyular, sarn\u0131\u00e7lar, \u00e7e\u015fmeler gibi su yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n mimarisine verilen \u00f6nemin suyun olduk\u00e7a de\u011ferli kabul edildi\u011finin g\u00f6stergesi oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u201c\u00c7e\u015fmelerin g\u00f6rselli\u011fi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta herhangi bir estetik kayg\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fclmeden, su kayna\u011f\u0131na yak\u0131n bir mek\u00e2nda, kayay\u0131 i\u015fleyerek kurulurken, \u00e7e\u015fmeler zaman i\u00e7inde geli\u015ftirilerek heykellerle s\u00fcslenen, iki katl\u0131 olan, \u00f6n\u00fcnde havuzu olan yap\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yani \u00e7e\u015fmelerin yap\u0131lar\u0131 da ev tipi \u00e7e\u015fmelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u201d \u015feklinde s\u00f6zlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Kentin \u0130klimini Yumu\u015fatan Sosyal Bir Mek\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fmelerin do\u011fal su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz oldu\u011fu yerle\u015fimlerde halk\u0131n temiz su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra o zamanlar i\u00e7in bir sosyalle\u015fme ortam\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade eden Prof. Dr. Demiri\u015f, \u201c\u00c7e\u015fmeler insanlar\u0131 birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131ran, kayna\u015ft\u0131ran sosyal bir mek\u00e2n olma g\u00f6revini de \u00fcstleniyordu. Ayr\u0131ca musluklar\u0131ndan akan sular\u0131n verdi\u011fi serinlik sebebiyle, kentin iklimini yumu\u015fatan yap\u0131lard\u0131\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do\u011fal kaynak sular\u0131n\u0131n uzak ya da yetersiz oldu\u011fu kentlere, ihtiyac\u0131 olan suyu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, insano\u011flu pek \u00e7ok sistem ve yap\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. Bunlardan biri de \u00e7e\u015fmelerdir. Bu konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Eski\u00e7a\u011f Dilleri ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Latin Dili ve Edebiyat\u0131 Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Bedia Demiri\u015f, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":5932,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[526,525],"class_list":["post-5931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-bedia-demiris","tag-cesmeler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5931\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iletim.istanbul.edu.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}